Ruy Lopez (Berlin Defense)

Opening moves: 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 Nf6. Black plays the solid Berlin Defense, aiming for a strong pawn structure and often a queenless endgame.

White castles and uses the central breaks d4 and dxe5 to fight for an edge. This page follows the 1.e4 repertoire PGN and explains the key Berlin endgame ideas in simple language.

Key Berlin Line for White

Main line: 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 Nf6 4.O-O Nxe4 5.d4 Nd6 6.Bxc6 dxc6 7.dxe5 Nf5 8.Qxd8+ Kxd8

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